Researchers Develop Sustainable Alternatives to Plastic Packaging
June 11, 2025Plastic continues to dominate the packaging industry, with more than 14.5 million tons of plastic waste generated from containers and packaging alone in 2018, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Despite its strength and versatility, plastic’s reliance on non-renewable resources and its resistance to degradation have spurred a growing search for eco-friendly alternatives.
The USDA’s National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) is helping lead that effort by funding innovative research at Land-grant Universities aimed at reducing plastic use and developing biodegradable materials.
From Coffee Waste to Compostable Packaging
At The Ohio State University, researchers are turning discarded coffee grounds into a sustainable material for food packaging. Scientists in the Food Science and Technology Department developed a coffee-based plasticizer that can be used to create bio-based packaging, potentially replacing petroleum-based plastics in everyday products.
Avocado Peels Reinvented as High-Strength Films
South Dakota State University researchers are also getting creative—this time with avocado peels. By extracting cellulose fibers from the fruit’s peel and modifying them, the team created a biodegradable packaging film that’s five times stronger than traditional materials. The innovation not only utilizes agricultural waste but offers a durable and compostable alternative to conventional plastic wraps.
Stronger Paper Bags from Penn State
Meanwhile, at Penn State University, researchers are tackling one of plastic’s most common substitutes: the paper bag. While popular for their recyclability, paper bags typically fall short in durability. Penn State’s study focuses on developing a more robust version that can withstand repeated use and later be chemically broken down and converted into biofuel.
Together, these NIFA-backed projects are helping to reshape the future of packaging—one coffee ground, avocado peel, and paper bag at a time.
Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture. “Finding Solutions to Plastic Pollution.” nifa.usda.gov
